Introduction
Stainless steel is a type of steel that contains chromium, which forms a protective layer on the surface of the metal and prevents it from rusting and corroding. Stainless steel is widely used in various industries, such as food processing, medical, construction, and automotive, due to its durability, hygiene, and aesthetic appeal. However, not all stainless steel is the same. There are different grades of stainless steel that have different chemical compositions and properties. In this blog post, we will introduce one of the grades of stainless steel: SUS410L.
What is SUS410L?
SUS410L is a grade of ferritic stainless steel, which is a family of stainless steels that have a body-centered cubic structure and are magnetic. Ferritic stainless steels have lower corrosion resistance and ductility than austenitic stainless steels, but higher strength and resistance to stress corrosion cracking. SUS410L is a Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) designation for a low-carbon version of SUS410, which is a martensitic stainless steel with high hardness and wear resistance. SUS410L has lower carbon content than SUS410, which makes it more resistant to intergranular corrosion and improves its weldability and formability. SUS410L also has higher nickel content than SUS410, which enhances its corrosion resistance and toughness.
What is the Chemical Composition of SUS410L?
SUS410L的化学成分如下表所示
| Element | Percentage (mass fraction) |
| Carbon | Maximum 0.03% |
| Silicon | Maximum 1.00% |
| Manganese | Maximum 1.00% |
| Phosphorus | Maximum 0.04% |
| Sulfur | Maximum 0.03% |
| Chromium | 11-13.5% |
| Nickel | 0.6% maximum |
What are the Mechanical Properties of SUS410L?
The mechanical properties of SUS410L are shown in the table below.
| Property | Value | Unit |
| Tensile strength | Minimum 360 MPa | MPa |
| Yield strength | Minimum 195 MPa | MPa |
| Elongation in 2″ (50 mm) | Minimum 22% | % |
| Hardness (Brinell) | Maximum 183 HBW | HBW |
What are the Physical Properties of SUS410L?
The physical properties of SUS410L are shown in the table below.
| Property | Value | Unit |
| Density | 7.8 g/cm3 | g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 1400-1450 °C | °C |
| Thermal conductivity | 16 W/m-K at 100 °C | W/m-K |
| Thermal expansion coefficient | 17 µm/m-K at 20-100 °C | µm/m-K |
What is the Processing Method of SUS410L?
SUS410L can be processed by various methods, such as hot rolling, cold rolling, annealing, quenching, tempering, forging, welding, machining, and polishing. The processing method should be selected according to the desired shape, size, and mechanical properties of the final product. Some general guidelines for processing SUS410L are:
Hot rolling: The temperature range for hot rolling is 1100-850 °C. The hot rolled products should be annealed or quenched after rolling to improve their corrosion resistance and ductility.
Cold rolling: The temperature range for cold rolling is room temperature to 200 °C. The cold rolled products should be annealed after rolling to relieve the residual stresses and improve their formability and corrosion resistance.
Annealing: The temperature range for annealing is 750-850 °C. The annealing time should be sufficient to achieve a uniform structure and properties. The annealed products should be cooled slowly in air or water to avoid cracking or distortion.
Quenching: The temperature range for quenching is 950-1050 °C. The quenching medium can be air, oil, or water depending on the desired hardness and toughness. The quenched products should be tempered after quenching to improve their ductility and toughness.
Tempering: The temperature range for tempering is 150-400 °C depending on the desired hardness and toughness. The tempering time should be sufficient to achieve a uniform structure and properties. The tempered products should be cooled in air or water to avoid cracking or distortion.
Welding: SUS410L can be welded by various methods, such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and resistance welding. The welding method should be selected according to the thickness, shape, and mechanical properties of the welded parts. Some general guidelines for welding SUS410L are:
Preheating: Preheating is not necessary for thin sections, but may be required for thick sections to avoid cracking or distortion. The preheating temperature should be 100-200 °C depending on the thickness and shape of the welded parts.
Filler metal: Filler metal should be selected according to the desired corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the weld. The filler metal should have a similar or higher chromium and nickel content than SUS410L. For example, AWS E/ER308L or AWS E/ER309L can be used as filler metals for welding SUS410L.
Post-weld heat treatment: Post-weld heat treatment is not necessary for thin sections, but may be required for thick sections to improve the corrosion resistance and ductility of the weld. The post-weld heat treatment should be annealing or tempering depending on the desired hardness and toughness of the weld. The post-weld heat treatment temperature and time should be similar to those for processing SUS410L.
What are the Characteristics of SUS410L?
SUS410L has some distinctive characteristics that make it different from other grades of stainless steel. Some of these characteristics are:
Corrosion resistance: SUS410L has good corrosion resistance in mild environments, such as atmospheric, water, and organic acids. However, it has poor corrosion resistance in chloride environments, such as seawater, salt spray, and pitting. It also has poor corrosion resistance in strong acids, such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid.
Strength: SUS410L has high strength and hardness compared to other ferritic stainless steels. It can withstand high temperatures and pressures without losing its strength and hardness. However, it has low ductility and toughness compared to other austenitic stainless steels. It is prone to cracking or brittle fracture under impact or fatigue loading.
Formability: SUS410L has good formability and deep drawing performance compared to other ferritic stainless steels. It can be easily shaped into various forms, such as sheets, plates, tubes, wires, and bars. However, it has lower formability and deep drawing performance than other austenitic stainless steels. It may require higher forming forces or intermediate annealing to avoid cracking or wrinkling.
Weldability: SUS410L has good weldability compared to other ferritic stainless steels. It can be welded by various methods without preheating or post-weld heat treatment. However, it has lower weldability than other austenitic stainless steels. It may require filler metal or special welding techniques to avoid cracking or porosity.
What is the Application of SUS410L?
SUS410L can be used for various applications that require good formability and corrosion resistance in mild environments, such as:
Kitchenware: SUS410L can be used for making kitchen utensils, such as spoons, forks, knives, pots, pans, trays, bowls, and dishes. It can withstand high temperatures and frequent washing without rusting or corroding.
Utensils: SUS410L can be used for making utensils for food processing, catering, and hospitality industries, such as cutlery, scissors, tongs, ladles, spatulas, whisks, and sieves. It can resist stains and odors from food and beverages without affecting their taste or quality.
Clamps: SUS410L can be used for making clamps for various purposes, such as hose clamps, pipe clamps, cable clamps, banding straps, and brackets. It can provide strong clamping force and durability without loosening or breaking.
Cable ties: SUS410L can be used for making cable ties for bundling and securing wires, cables, hoses, pipes, and other items. It can provide high tensile strength and flexibility without snapping or stretching.
Springs: SUS410L can be used for making springs for various applications, such as valves, switches, locks, toys, and instruments. It can provide high elasticity and resilience without deforming or losing its shape.
Conclusion
In conclusion, SUS410L is a grade of ferritic stainless steel that has a low-carbon and high-nickel composition. It has good formability and corrosion resistance in mild environments, but poor corrosion resistance in chloride and strong acid environments. It has high strength and hardness, but low ductility and toughness. It has good weldability, but may require filler metal or special welding techniques. It can be used for various applications that require good formability and corrosion resistance in mild environments, such as kitchenware, utensils, clamps, cable ties, and springs. If you need more information about SUS410L or other grades of stainless steel, please contact us. We are happy to help you with your stainless steel needs.
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